Research & Insights
From the Lab
Deep dives into protocols, blockchains, and the systems we build. Written by the Exo team.
All Articles
20 articles
Insights from Improving an RPC Server
Hard-earned lessons in CPU isolation, memory safety, and callback benchmarking in Rust
Solana Needs Something Like ERC4626 Vaults
A vault standard is the missing primitive for tokenized funds, RWAs, and institutional composability on Solana.
Building Decentralized Governance for Solana: Giving 1.2M Stakers a Voice
IMD-228 showed the gap: stakers couldn’t vote independently. This Snapshot NCN closes it with verifiable stake snapshots and Merkle proofs.
Are sRFC 37 Permissioned Tokens replacing Transfer Hooks?
Implementing Solana’s new permissioned token standard without transfer hooks
Agora Finance: Simplifying Institutional Digital Dollarization
Analyzing AUSD’s Institutional Stablecoin Infrastructure, Compliance Architecture, and Competitive Landscape
Optimizing Compute Units - Part 2
Real-World Solana Optimization: Cutting Pool Creation Cost from 48K to 34K CUs by Making Logic Conditional
Part 3: The Payment Layer
We're back with Part 3 of the Solana Institutional series, with a practical overview of how fiat, stablecoins, and global payment rails converge on Solana. This piece expands past what is simply requi
Breaking down Solana & Ethereum: Fees
A deep dive into how Solana and Ethereum price blockspace and why their fee markets behave so differently.
Optimizing Compute Units - Part 1
A practical walkthrough on shrinking Solana transaction costs by cutting Compute Units with simple, real-world code optimizations.
Measuring Solana Validator Rewards: A Time-Dependent Approach
A data-driven method for measuring Solana validator rewards through time-based performance benchmarking.
Part 2: Custody, Key Management & Policy Enforcement Post
How enterprises on Solana secure keys, gate transactions, and enforce policy—with MPC custodians, multisig treasuries, and programmable controls.
A Developer’s Guide to Audit Readiness
Making an Auditor-Friendly Architecture Doc — Featuring Insights from Accretion
Breaking down Solana & Ethereum: MEV
How differences in virtual machine design shape performance, programmability, and user experience.
Part 1: Compliance Frameworks & On-Chain Regulatory Controls
Establishing Regulatory Confidence in a Decentralized World
Breaking down Solana & Ethereum: EVM & SVM
How differences in Ethereum and Solana’s virtual machines explain everything from performance to programmability.
SIMD-0123
What is SIMD-0123?
Compacting Instruction Data with Codama
How to compact instruction data with Codama
Testing Solana Programs
